Mold is a common household problem that can cause serious health issues, like respiratory problems, allergic reactions, and neurological symptoms.
Richard Reid of Universal Restoration of North Florida in Jacksonville will also share his expert insight with us about the health risks of mold in your home.
What is Mold?
According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), mold is a fungus that thrives in warm, moist environments. It can grow both indoors and out and spreads through tiny airborne spores. While mold plays an important role in nature, its presence in our homes can pose health risks. Exposure to mold spores can lead to respiratory issues, allergies, and other health problems.
Health Risks Associated with Mold Exposure
Mold exposure can cause a range of health issues, from mild to severe. According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), these effects can include respiratory issues, allergic reactions, asthma attacks, and other health problems, including infection and toxic effects on people.
Reid has seen this firsthand in his business: “The most important thing for homeowners to know about mold is how compromising it can be to your health,” he emphasizes. “The longer it sits, the worse it gets. Always call a professional to check it out as soon as you notice anything suspicious.”
If you suspect mold in your home, don’t put your health at risk. Contact a mold remediation company near you to identify any issues in your home.
Respiratory Issues
Most mold-related health problems affect the respiratory system. Mold spreads by releasing spores into the air, which we then inhale. Your risk increases the longer you’re exposed to them. Common symptoms of breathing in mold spores include:
- Dry cough or wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness
- Nasal congestion
- Sore throat
Allergic Reactions
Mold can trigger allergic reactions, even in people who have never had allergies before. According to the Mayo Clinic, common symptoms of mold allergies include:
- Sneezing
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Itchy, watery eyes
- Scaly, dry skin
- Coughing
- Postnasal drip
- Itchy throat
Asthma Attacks
Mold exposure can trigger asthma attacks, including allergic asthma. The mold spores can irritate airways, leading to asthma symptoms like coughing, wheezing, and breathlessness. It can also cause:
- More frequent asthma attacks
- Increased inhaler use
- The need for stronger medications
- Emergency care in some cases
Fungal Infections
Certain molds can cause fungal infections. The CDC identifies mucormycosis as one such infection — a rare but serious condition caused by mucormycetes molds. These fungi, found throughout the environment, can enter the body through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion.
Mucormycosis rarely affects healthy individuals but can be life-threatening for those with weakened immune systems, diabetes, or certain cancers. Symptoms vary based on the infection site and may include:
- Fever
- Cough
- Chest pain
- Sinus pain
- Headache
Other Health Effects
Certain molds, such as Stachybotrys chartarum (commonly known as black mold), can produce substances called mycotoxins under specific conditions. While the full health effects of mycotoxin exposure aren’t well understood, research points to several potential concerns:
- Neurological effects: Some people develop headaches, memory issues, mood changes, and difficulty concentrating.
- Chronic fatigue: Long-term exposure to mold has been associated with chronic fatigue in some cases.
Who is Most at Risk?
While mold exposure can affect anyone, individuals with respiratory issues like asthma, allergies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or other pre-existing conditions may experience more severe symptoms. These groups should be particularly vigilant about preventing and treating mold quickly to reduce the risks.
- Infants and young children
- Elderly individuals
- People with compromised immune systems
- Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions
- Anyone with a mold allergy
- People who live or work in damp, poorly ventilated-buildings
Recognizing the Signs of Mold in Your Home
Knowing the signs of mold in your home is essential to prevent potential health risks. Mold can grow on almost any surface but is most common in areas prone to moisture, such as bathrooms, kitchens, laundry rooms, and basements.
Common indicators that mold is growing in your home include:
- Visible mold: It might look fuzzy, soft, or grainy and can be varying colors.
- Stains or marks: You may see dark spots or streaks on walls, ceilings, or other surfaces.
- Strange smells: A musty or earthy odor can indicate mold.
- Damp areas: Places with lots of moisture that don’t dry out well are prone to mold, like bathrooms or washing machines.
- Damage to walls or paint: Look for bubbling, peeling, or cracking paint or wallpaper.
Use a moisture meter if you don’t see mold but smell something “off” or musty. While they can’t detect mold, they can find hidden moisture where it can grow. Check out the following video to learn how to use the moisture meter to look for mold.
Pro Tip: According to FEMA, mold can start growing as soon as 24 to 48 hours after water damage. If you have a plumbing leak, for example, consider hiring a pro ASAP to fix the leak and remove any damaged surfaces to protect yourself from mold growth.
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Which Types of Mold are Most Dangerous?
While all molds can potentially cause health issues, some types are associated with more severe risks. Molds are categorized into three main types based on their health effects:
- Allergenic molds: These can trigger allergic reactions and worsen respiratory conditions. These include species like Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Penicillium.
- Pathogenic molds: These can cause infections, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. Cryptococcus and certain Aspergillus species fall into this category.
- Toxigenic molds: These produce mycotoxins that can be harmful to people and pets. Stachybotrys chartarum, often referred to as “black mold,” is a well-known example.
See Related: How to Get Rid of Black Mold
Breathe Easy: Find a Mold Remediation Pro for Better Health
Understanding the health risks of mold is key to a safe home environment. Prompt action in addressing mold issues can protect your family’s health. Professional mold remediation is recommended for those with allergies, sensitive lungs, or compromised immune systems.
Cory Ferrer contributed to this article.
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Main Photo Credit: Carl Pedersen, NDSU / Flickr / CC BY 2.0
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